Pridevi na -ed i -ing
Ukratko
| osećanje (osoba) | uzrok (stvar ili osoba) |
|---|---|
| bored | boring |
| interested | interesting |
| excited | exciting |
| tired | tiring |
| surprised | surprising |
| frightened | frightening |
| confused | confusing |
| disappointed | disappointing |
| amazed | amazing |
-ed = kako se neko oseća (kao uplašen), -ing = šta to izaziva (kao zastrašujući). Dosadno mi je nije I'm boring: to znači ja sam dosadan. Stvari uzimaju -ing.
A2 · Lekcija 36 · bored ili boring? Pridevi na -ed i -ing
Detaljno objašnjenje iz lekcije u kojoj se ovo pravilo uči
Srpski ovde ima gotovo isti par kao engleski: uplašen (kako se osećam) i zastrašujući (šta me plaši), zbunjen i zbunjujući, uzbuđen i uzbudljiv. Engleski to radi pravilnije: od istog glagola prave se dva prideva, -ed za osobu koja oseća i -ing za ono što osećanje izaziva.
Dve strane jednog osećanja
- -ed = kako se osoba oseća, kao uplašen, iznenađen, zbunjen: I'm bored. She was surprised. We're interested in the story.
- -ing = šta izaziva osećanje, kao zastrašujući, iznenađujući, zbunjujući: The film is boring. The ending was surprising. It's an interesting book.
Brza provera: Kako se osećam? — reč na -ed. Kakvo je to? — reč na -ing.
| Osećanje (-ed) | Uzrok (-ing) | Primer |
|---|---|---|
| bored | boring | The lesson was boring, so I was bored. |
| interested | interesting | It's an interesting book. I'm interested in it. |
| excited | exciting | The match was exciting. The fans were excited. |
| tired | tiring | The trip was tiring. We were tired. |
| surprised | surprising | The ending was surprising. Everyone was surprised. |
| frightened | frightening | The film was frightening. The children were frightened. |
| confused | confusing | The story is confusing. I'm confused. |
| disappointed | disappointing | The film was disappointing. I was disappointed. |
| annoyed | annoying | His phone was annoying. We were annoyed. |
| amazed | amazing | The actors were amazing. The audience was amazed. |
| relaxed | relaxing | A quiet evening is relaxing. I feel relaxed. |
Gde srpski ne pomaže: bored
Za bored srpski nema pridev — kažemo dosadno mi je, bezlično, sa dativom. Taj obrt vuče ka I'm boring, jer je dosadan jedina srpska reč pri ruci. Engleski ovde nema bezlični oblik: osoba je subjekat, pa be i pridev na -ed.
I am boring ne znači dosadno mi je, nego ja sam dosadan — drugima je dosadno sa mnom. Kad govoriš o svom osećanju, uzmi -ed: I'm bored, I'm tired, I'm interested, I'm confused.
Ljudi mogu oba, stvari skoro uvek -ing
Stvar — film, knjiga, priča, dan — ne oseća ništa, pa uz nju ide -ing: a boring film, an exciting book, a tiring day. Nema the book is bored. Uz osobu su moguća oba oblika, a značenje se menja kao kod uplašen / zastrašujući:
- My brother is bored. = bratu je dosadno.
- My brother is boring. = brat je dosadan, niko ne želi da razgovara s njim.
- The actor was amazed. = glumac je bio zadivljen.
- The actor was amazing. = glumac je bio sjajan, oduševio je publiku.
Mesto u rečenici
Ovo su obični pridevi i stoje gde i srpski: posle be (The book is interesting.), ispred imenice (an interesting book, a bored student) i posle feel, look, get: I feel tired, She looks confused, We got bored. Za razliku od srpskih, ne menjaju se po rodu ni broju.
boring nije sadašnje trajno vreme, a bored nije pasiv: nema radnje, The film is boring opisuje film kao The film is long. Predlozi se ne poklapaju sa srpskim, pa ih uči uz reč: interested in (a ne for, iako kažemo zainteresovan za), frightened of, bored with, surprised by. I ne prevodi dosadan uvek kao boring: ono što nervira je annoying.
Proveri znanje
3 od 16 pitanja koja ova lekcija postavlja u aplikaciji. Upiši oblik ili izaberi odgovor.
This film is two hours long and nothing happens. I'm ___.
Nothing happens in this film. It's really ___.
It's an ___ book. I read it in two days.
Primeri iz kursa
Označena je reč na koju se pravilo odnosi. Pritisni dugme za reprodukciju da čuješ rečenicu.
It's an interesting book.
To je zanimljiva knjiga.
The actor was amazing.
Glumac je bio sjajan.
My brother is bored.
Mom bratu je dosadno.
My brother is boring.
Moj brat je dosadan.
Are you interested in science fiction?
Da li si zainteresovan za naučnu fantastiku?
Were you frightened during the horror film?
Da li si bio uplašen tokom horor filma?
The film was boring, so I was bored.
Film je bio dosadan, pa mi je bilo dosadno.
Reading a thriller in bed is very relaxing.
Čitanje trilera u krevetu je veoma opuštajuće.
The detective in this ghost story is fascinating.
Detektiv u ovoj priči o duhovima je fascinantan.
The children were excited about the new cartoon.
Deca su bila uzbuđena zbog novog crtanog filma.
Rečenica sa ovim pravilom u kursu: 90
Probaj i ti
Prevedi rečenicu sa ovim pravilom. Kao i u aplikaciji, provera će označiti reč u kojoj je greška i reći koje pravilo je prekršeno.
Rečenice
Napiši na engleskom
To je zanimljiva knjiga.