Prepričana pitanja
Ukratko
| Direktno | Prepričano |
|---|---|
| "Where are you from?" | asked where I was from |
| "What do you want?" | asked what I wanted |
| "Did you enjoy it?" | asked if I had enjoyed it |
| "Are you free?" | asked whether I was free |
Subjekat ispred glagola, bez do/does/did, glagol jedno vreme unazad (za razliku od srpskog). Da/ne pitanje: if / whether (= da li). Tačka, ne upitnik.
B1 · Lekcija 22 · Prepričana pitanja
Detaljno objašnjenje iz lekcije u kojoj se ovo pravilo uči
Posle razgovora za posao prepričavamo šta su nas pitali: They asked me why I wanted the job. They asked if I could start on Monday. To su prepričana (zavisna) pitanja. Prepričane izjave već znate: glagol ide jedno vreme unazad (is → was, can → could). Kod pitanja važi isto, ali se menja i red reči.
Dobra vest: srpski ovo već radi skoro isto. Pitala me je gde živim. — nema upitnika, a red reči je kao u izjavi. U engleskom važi isto: na kraju tačka, ne upitnik. Razlike su na tri mesta: inverzija, do/does/did i vreme glagola.
Glavna promena: pitanje više nije pitanje
U engleskom direktnom pitanju glagol (ili do, did, can, have…) skače ispred subjekta. U prepričanom pitanju toga nema: prvo subjekat, pa glagol, kao u izjavi. U srpskom ovaj problem ne postoji, pa se greška pravi iz navike iz engleskih direktnih pitanja: inverzija se prepiše iz direktnog pitanja.
| Direktno pitanje | Prepričano pitanje |
|---|---|
| "Where are you from?" | She asked me where I was from. |
| "What can you offer us?" | He asked what I could offer them. |
| "Why have you left your job?" | They asked why I had left my job. |
do, does i did nestaju
Do, does i did postoje samo da bi se napravilo pitanje. Izjavi ne trebaju, pa ih u prepričanom pitanju nema. Vreme tada nosi glavni glagol, pomereno jedan korak unazad.
| Direktno pitanje | Prepričano pitanje |
|---|---|
| "Where do you live?" | She asked me where I lived. |
| "What does the job involve?" | I asked what the job involved. |
| "Why did you apply?" | They asked why I had applied. |
Ovde srpski vuče na pogrešnu stranu. Mi kažemo Pitala me je gde živim, u sadašnjem vremenu, jer srpski ne pomera vreme. Engleski ga pomera: posle asked ide where I lived, ne where I live. Kad je glagol uvođenja u prošlom vremenu, pomerite i glagol u pitanju.
Da/ne pitanja: if ili whether
Upitna reč (what, where, why, when, how, who, which) ostaje na početku prepričanog dela, kao u srpskom. Za da/ne pitanje srpski uzima da li, a engleski if ili whether. Ovde if znači „da li“, ne „ako“. Whether je malo formalnije i uobičajeno je uz or not.
| Vrsta pitanja | Direktno | Prepričano |
|---|---|---|
| yes/no → if | "Do you speak French?" | He asked if I spoke French. |
| yes/no → whether | "Are you free on Friday?" | She asked whether I was free on Friday. |
| wh-question | "When can you start?" | They asked when I could start. |
Najčešći glagol uvođenja je ask. Iza njega može doći osoba (She asked me where…), ali i ne mora (She asked where…). Isto se ponašaju wanted to know i wondered (pitao se): He wanted to know how much experience I had.
Proverite svako prepričano pitanje. Subjekat ide odmah iza upitne reči ili iza if/whether: ne She asked me where was I from, nego She asked me where I was from. Nema do/does/did: ne He asked what did I want, nego He asked what I wanted. Glagol je pomeren unazad, a na kraju nema upitnika.
Srpsko da ispred izjave odgovara engleskom that, ali da li nije that. Zato that ne ide ispred prepričanog pitanja: He said that he was busy, ali He asked if I was busy.
Proveri znanje
6 od 15 pitanja koja ova lekcija postavlja u aplikaciji. Upiši oblik ili izaberi odgovor.
"Where do you work?" The interviewer asked me ___.
"Do you have a driving licence?" She asked ___ I had a driving licence.
They wanted to know ___ or not I could travel for work.
"What does your company make?" He asked what my company(make).
"Do you enjoy working with customers?" They asked if I(enjoy) working with customers.
"Where does your sister work?" He asked where my sister(work).
Primeri iz kursa
Označena je reč na koju se pravilo odnosi. Pritisni dugme za reprodukciju da čuješ rečenicu.
I asked what the job involved.
Pitao sam šta taj posao obuhvata.
She asked me where I lived.
Pitala me je gde živim.
They asked who my references were.
Pitali su ko su moje preporuke.
They asked when I could start.
Pitali su kada mogu da počnem.
He asked if I spoke French.
Pitao je da li govorim francuski.
She asked me where I was from.
Pitala me je odakle sam.
He asked what I could offer them.
Pitao je šta im mogu ponuditi.
They asked why I had left my job.
Pitali su me zašto sam napustio posao.
She asked whether I was free on Friday.
Pitala je da li sam slobodan u petak.
They asked if my CV was up to date.
Pitali su da li je moja biografija ažurna.
Rečenica sa ovim pravilom u kursu: 25
Probaj i ti
Prevedi rečenicu sa ovim pravilom. Kao i u aplikaciji, provera će označiti reč u kojoj je greška i reći koje pravilo je prekršeno.
Rečenice
Napiši na engleskom
Pitao sam šta taj posao obuhvata.